Researchers loaded the tripeptide KPV into hyaluronic acid functionalized nanoparticles roughly 272 nm in size and delivered them orally in a mouse model of ulcerative colitis. The particles targeted colonic epithelial cells and macrophages, appeared non-toxic to intestinal cells, and reduced colitis measures at a far lower KPV dose than unformulated peptide. It demonstrates a route by which an orally given tripeptide can reach inflamed gut tissue. This is animal model evidence and does not establish efficacy or safety in human populations.
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Nanoparticle delivery markedly boosted KPV uptake in inflamed murine colon; oral bioavailability data may inform dosing conversations.